Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Research Department, Horticulture Office, Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq
2 University of Baghdad, Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology for Postgraduate Studies, Iraq
3 Baghdad Al-Russafa Health Directorate/ Kamal Al-Samarrai Specialist Hospital, Iraq
Abstract
Due to the cases of multidrug resistance, cancer chemotherapy treatment has no longer effective. Therefore, there is a requirement to find better replacements new natural medicines for cancer. Essential oils are made up of a complex combination of low molecular weight with very well-known biological and pharmacological characteristic. In this research, the cytotoxic and anti-Breast cancer properties of Tea tree, Absinthe, Frankincense and Lemongrass, essential oils were estimated. The essential oils were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC–MS) to identify their components. Depending on the GC-MS analysis, the main ingredients of the essential were in Tea tree (L-4-terpineneol 33.31%), Frankincense α-pinene (35.1%), Lemongrass Citral (45.43%) and Absinthe Sabinyl propionate (25.04%), Lemongrass and Tea tree essential oils significantly reduced the viability of both MCF-7 and WRL68 cells in a concentration dependent manner. However, Frankincense and Absinthe oils showed less inhibitory effects against both cell lines. The Lemongrass essential oil was more cytotoxic than Tea tree oils. Lemongrass shows a significant decrease in the survival rate of MCF-7 cells, 75% cell death rate at 400 μg/mL the IC50 determined at 64.10 μg /mL, while shows weak cytotoxicity in normal cell line WRL-68 and the IC50 was 125.2 μg /mL. comparison with DOX drug the IC50 was at 23.86 μg /mL .While had very weak cytotoxicity on WRL-68 the IC50 1863 μg/ mL. Therefore, Lemongrass might have a good potential as an active anti-breast cancer drugs candidates with the highest efficiency and least side effects.
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