Document Type : Original Article
Author
Department of Science, College of Basic Education, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
Abstract
A factorial experiment was conducted in two successive seasons (2021-2022 and 2022-2023), according to a randomized complete block design with three replications in fields of Gayyarah, Nineveh Governorate, to study three levels of foliar spraying with nickel and copper at elongation stage in growth and yield of three black cumin genotypes in clay loam soil. Treatments included three concentrations of nickel and copper (0, 3, 6 mg.l-1) and three genotypes of black cumin plants (Silingo, Cameli and Kena). Results showed that foliar spraying of nickel and copper at elongation stage with a concentration of (6 mg.L-1) for each of nickel and copper achieved a significant increase in each traits of plant height, number of flowering branches per plant, number of capsules per plant-1, number of seed per capsulas-1, weight of thousand seeds, seed yield per plant, total seed yield, biological yield, percentage for each of harvest index, fixed oil, protein, oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, arachidic acid, stearic acid, eicosadienoic acid and homolinoleic acid compared with comparison treatment in both growing seasons. black cumin genotypes were significantly affected in all studied traits, as Cameli genotype was superior than genotypes of Silingo and Kena by giving highest value for all the studied traits in both growing seasons. It is known that all plants obtain nutrients from soil and the number of these nutrients is 13, which are dissolved in water and absorbed by roots from soil solution. However, these nutrients are not always available in the amounts that plants need and for this reason, foliar spraying process becomes necessary for plant growth and their availability in concentrations less than plant's need leads to poor growth and development of plants. As foliar spray works on distributing nutrients to vegetative systems in a homogeneous manner and this method is also characterized by being economical and reduces need to use large quantities of nutrients as well as speed of response to absorption of nutrients from vegetative parts
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